How do I segment customers for targeted discounts?

As an e-commerce business owner, I'm struggling to create effective discount strategies that don't just blanket my entire customer base. I want to understand how to segment my customers intelligently, ensuring that my promotions are personalized, relevant, and drive actual conversions. My current approach feels too generic, and I'm losing potential revenue by not targeting the right customers with the right offers at the right time. I need a comprehensive strategy that helps me understand my customer base, create meaningful segments, and design targeted discount campaigns that feel personal and compelling.